Efficient led lighting for developing countries and emerging

Mexico reduced by 5 million tonnes of CO2 emissions a year thanks to Luz Sustainable plan was announced in December 2010 which will replace incandescent lamps, saving, and if this translates to money equivalent of 900 million dollars. Moreover, the electricity saved three coal-fired power plants will be unnecessary.
This is part of the evaluation findings of enlightenment in 100 countries of the "en.lighten, a partnership led by the Climate Convention by the United Nations Programme for Environment (UNEP for short English), funded by the Global Environmental Fund (GEF, for its acronym in English) and leading global lighting manufacturers such as OSRAM and Philips. En.lighten The report was presented at COP 16 in Cancun, in December, and he discussed the benefits of switching from incandescent to compact fluorescent technology.
At the time Monique Barbut, CEO and president of the Fund for Global Environment noted that "during the past two decades, the GEF has championed efforts to expand the market for efficient lighting for developing countries in the world . En.lighten is the latest initiative funded by the GEF in partnership with UNEP and major global manufacturers of lighting to accelerate the transformation of the market for efficient lighting technologies on a global scale. Through this initiative, we hope to build a strong partnership with the private sector to foster innovation and help those who most need our help to build a better future for today and the next generation. "
en.lighten represents more than U.S. $ 20 billion assets under management, the largest ever assembled network of investors and financial intermediaries that require action on climate change.
Achim Steiner, Under Secretary General and UNEP Executive Director, said: "Actually the real economic benefits could be even higher. A change in efficient lighting in Indonesia, for example, would avoid the need to build coal-fired 3.5 costing $ 2.5 billion and similar findings from other assessments of the country. "
"These estimates do not include the additional benefit to the environment on health and the 'green economy' of communities and countries, to change, for example, fuels such as kerosene and reducing emissions from sources such as fossil fuel plants. About 1.8 million deaths per year are related to air pollution inside and 800,000 deaths a year abroad: more efficient lighting has a role to play here too. "
According to Wolfgang Gregor, vice president of OSRAM GmbH Sustainability, "Not only are we responsible for what they are doing, but also by what we are doing. Multinational companies can not overlook lighting most people in developing and emerging markets. That is the reason that OSRAM has given its firm commitment to the initiative en.lighten "and the fight against the use of kerosene as part of our project of illumination of the network."
"We believe the initiative en.lighten" is an excellent example of a new category of public-private partnerships to help accelerate sustainable growth in emerging economies and developing countries, "said Harry Verhaar, Director of Energy and Climate Change Climate of Philips Lighting. "Switching to energy efficient lighting solutions is a triple win for these countries, as these approaches to the lighting sector is also a bottom-up initiative that complements the top-down process of UNFCCC."
Assessments to 100 countries are due to a UNEP study, conducted in collaboration with researchers from 25 major climate modeling centers worldwide.
This showed that if all countries meet all its commitments linked to the Copenhagen agreement last year, emissions for 2020 could fall to 49 gigatons (billion).
Could leave a gap between the current ambition 5GT and where scientists say that emissions must be in 2020 to have a reasonable chance of maintaining a global temperature increase below 2 degrees C in 2050.
Reports from some countries
Indonesia could save one billion dollars annually and reduce emissions of greenhouse gases by eight million tonnes of CO2 per year, equivalent to removing two million cars off the road per year, switching to energy saving light bulbs from energy.
South Africa could save $ 280 million a year and eliminate emissions equivalent to 625,000 cars a year, following a similar path,
Brazil is expected to save $ 2 billion a year and 4 million tonnes of CO2-equivalent emissions of 1 million cars - the law of the country ends in mid-2012.
For Ukraine, a transition economy, the cost savings could be $ 210 million annually by reducing greenhouse gases than 2 million tonnes of CO2 a year - the equivalent of taking half a million cars off the road year.
Evaluations show that in Africa, a country like Nigeria could cut electricity consumption by over 15 percent in a change to energy efficient lighting and reduce CO2 emissions from the combustion of fuel in about five percent .
In Asia, a country like Cambodia could save more than 30 percent of their electricity consumption and reduce CO2 emissions by over 13 percent.
In Uzbekistan, the saving of electricity consumption could be more than 20 percent in Croatia, about 10 percent in Guatemala also about 10 per cent and Yemen a little over 10 percent.
A recent study by Yale University estimated that if America switched to compact fluorescent bulbs, saving energy in power plants lead to cuts in mercury emissions of 25,000 tonnes per year.
The world needs quick wins to show that climate change can be controlled. A global transition to energy efficient lighting is perhaps the easiest method. If we can quickly, this victory could generate momentum for greater CO2 reductions in other sectors and help stabilize climate below 2 degrees.
Parallel to the evaluation work en.lighten convenes experts from more than 30 developed and developing countries and from various sectors, including governments, civil society and the private sector to develop a turn in the route for gradual global withdrawal of inefficient lighting. This route will include political, technical and financial recommendations to support this transition. UNEP hopes that the shift in the route is proposed for global consultation in the second half of 2011.
Lighting Key Facts
• Worldwide, 50 to 70% of total sales lighting market remain inefficient incandescent light bulbs. A change in the market from incandescent bulbs to low energy alternatives would reduce global demand for electricity for lighting by more than 2%.
• A report from U.S. analysts Global Industry Inc, indicate that by the year 2010, the market of industrial lighting, commercial, residential and public will exceed 94 billion dollars with much of the growth of developing economies.
• Using the current trends and economic efficiency, it is expected that global demand for artificial light will be 80% more in 2030 if the change does not occur, with a large number linked to the construction and operation of new buildings in developing economies, including China.
• The International Energy Agency (IEA) estimated in 2007, total electricity consumption due to lighting at 2650 TWh. This represents almost 19% of global electricity use (15-17% higher than nuclear or hydro).
• The total global GHG emissions derived from electricity consumption in 2005 was estimated by the IEA in 1889 Mt of CO2, including network systems based on lighting contribute to 1,528 Mt CO2. This equates to approximately 8% of global emissions or 70% of emissions of passenger cars in the world.
• If lighting technologies and efficiency is improved, the global electricity demand of lighting will almost double the output of all modern nuclear power plants worth of 4,250 TWh. (Terrawatt hours).
• Up to 95% of the energy emitted by incandescent bulbs is heat, and its efficiency is inherently low. Comparing the two types of lighting, incandescent bulbs last about 1,000 hours which is significantly shorter than energy saving bulbs with a life of 6,000 to 12,000 hours.
• Some 40 countries are currently involved in the transformation of their markets, including the stage of phasing out the old bulbs, including Cuba, Australia and the 27 Member States of the European Union, the United States, Canada and the Philippines.
Some other developing countries are also making efforts to promote the adoption of CFLs and to phase out incandescent bulbs, some with the support of GEF and attended the Program for UN Development Programme (UNDP) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).
• These include China, Russia, Vietnam, Morocco and Ivory Coast.
Formerly, the main barriers to the deployment of energy efficient lighting products was the high initial cost.
• When first launched in early 1980, the CFL were 20 to 30 times more expensive to produce than equivalent incandescent. However, the cost of CFLs has decreased steadily for the use and growth of competition. Now sold at four times the price of an incandescent bulb.
Consumers have traditionally been slow to warm up and, according to some reports, was initially not impressed with the early models, do not like the look and functionality of the first models.
Manufacturers say consumers need to understand that using energy-saving bulbs allowed a long-term savings, and be sure of the quality and reliability of new models.
Like all fluorescent lamps, CFLs contain mercury, which complicates disposal. Mercury is a substance harmful to health fluorescent bulbs.
• The average mercury in a CFL is about 3 milligrams - about the amount it would take to fill the tip of a pen. In comparison, older thermometers contain 500 milligrams of mercury - the equivalent of more than 100 CFL.
Experts stress that Mercury is also emitted by coal power plants. Studies indicate that the level of emissions from power plants linked to the old bulbs lighting is by far much higher than those associated with the elimination of energy efficient light bulbs.
• Some manufacturers have voluntarily reduced the mercury in the CFL in about 80% in the past decade, to a minimum of 2 mg per bulb.
Research is ongoing to achieve further reductions of mercury.
• One of the promising innovations in non-domestic lighting is the development of solid state lighting (SSL, for its acronym in English).
This technology is expected to achieve an efficiency at least ten times higher than incandescent bulbs and up to two times longer than fluorescent lamps.
The bulbs light emitting diode (LED), plus they do not contain mercury have other advantages such as long life, a warm color light similar to incandescent lamps, low heat generation and the ability of some bulbs to work with dimming switches.